Power-based interpersonal violence is a broad term used to describe instances of sexual violence, dating violence, domestic violence, stalking, sexual harassment, or any form of interpersonal violence intended to control or intimidate another person through the assertion of power over them. This can be an overt action or threat, or may be more subtle, indirect or coercive in nature.

 

  • Considerations:

    Use empathetic and empowering language. For example:

    • Patient shared…

    • Patient reported

    • Patient has experienced power-based interpersonal violence (PBIV)

    Only use the term “survivor” if preferred by the individual. “Survivor” is often used to refer to someone who has gone through the recovery process after experiencing PBIV, but is not always preferred, especially early in the healing and recovery process.

    Familiarize yourself with your state’s legal terminology regarding sexual violence and use the specific legal definitions when known (e.g., sexual assault, sexual battery, rape, sexual abuse.) If referring to the umbrella of crimes in general, use the term “sexual violence” or PBIV.

    Cautions:

    Avoid judgmental and minimizing language. For example:

    • Patient accused

    • Patient confessed

    • “Lover’s quarrel”


    Do not minimize the severity of a situation when discussing sexual assault or harassment by referring to the behavior as “flirting” or the assault as “sex,” etc.

    Do not use the term “date rape” or “acquaintance rape.” These terms imply that the act is somehow different or less serious than rape.

    Be careful when using the term “victim.” “Victim” is often used to refer to someone who has recently experienced PBIV, especially in legal terms when referring to a crime or the criminal justice system. But some individuals do not identify with the term “victim” and in such cases, their preference should be respected.

  • Considerations:

    Consider the possibility of PBIV in all types of relationships. (e.g., LGBTQ+ relationships, familial relationships, work/school relationships).

    Cautions:

    Do not dismiss allegations of PBIV based on your perception of the alleged perpetrator. You cannot identify a perpetrator of PBIV just by looking at or interacting with a person. Perpetrators can be any race, gender, sexual orientation, economic status, profession, etc., and they are often good at hiding their violent behavior.

    Do not dismiss allegations of PBIV based on your perception of the victim. Perpetrators often target vulnerable and seemingly “unreliable” individuals, such as children, people experiencing addiction or people with physical and/or mental disabilities. All allegations of PBIV should be taken seriously.